Histoplasmosis beyond HIV: Clinical characteristics and outcomes in non-HIV population

Histoplasmosis is an endemic and invasive mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. We conducted a retrospective study comparing non-HIV immunosuppressed patients with a historical cohort of HIV and histoplasmosis. We included 199 patients with proven or probable histoplasmosis, of which 25.1% were non-HIV. Diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hematologic neoplasms, rheumatologic diseases and transplants were more frequent among non-HIV patients (p<0.01). Death after diagnosis occurred in 44% patients. 44% of immunocompromised non-HIV patients died within the first 6-week period following their diagnosis. A high suspicion index for histoplasmosis should be kept in immunosuppressed patients.