Full Library

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan that commonly infects animals and birds. Primary T. gondii infection in humans and other mammals is usually asymptomatic but leads to lifelong latent infection. Transmission to humans occurs by ingesting tissue cysts from undercooked meat or oocysts (released in the feces of cats). Latent cysts can give rise during immunosuppression to a severe localized reactivation producing, for example, toxoplasma encephalitis or chorioretinitis, with dissemination being common (Martino, et al.Clin Infect Dis 2000;31:1188–95; Martino et al. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:67–78; Tomblyn et al., Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009;15:1143–23; Martino, et al., Clin Infect Dis 1996;23:419–20.). Very detailed guidelines for the management and diagnosis of toxoplasmosis following HCT have been recently finalized for the European Conference of Infections in Leukemia 9th Meeting (ECIL-9) conference and are being considered for publication as of June 2023 (Aerts et al., Under peer-review, 2023).

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44080-9_39