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Triple combination therapy with two antivirals and monoclonal antibodies for persistent or relapsed SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients
Resource type
Journal Article
Authors/contributors
- Mikulska, Malgorzata (Author)
- Sepulcri, Chiara (Author)
- Dentone, Chiara (Author)
- Magne, Federica (Author)
- Balletto, Elisa (Author)
- Baldi, Federico (Author)
- Labate, Laura (Author)
- Russo, Chiara (Author)
- Mirabella, Michele (Author)
- Magnasco, Laura (Author)
- Di Grazia, Carmen (Author)
- Ghiggi, Chiara (Author)
- Raiola, Anna Maria (Author)
- Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto (Author)
- Vena, Antonio (Author)
- Beltramini, Sabrina (Author)
- Bruzzone, Bianca (Author)
- Lemoli, Roberto M (Author)
- Angelucci, Emanuele (Author)
- Bassetti, Matteo (Author)
Title
Triple combination therapy with two antivirals and monoclonal antibodies for persistent or relapsed SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients
Abstract
Severely immunocompromised patients are at risk for prolonged or relapsed COVID-19 leading to increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of combination treatment in immunocompromised COVID-19 patients.We included all immunocompromised patients with prolonged/relapsed COVID-19 treated with combination therapy with two antivirals (remdesivir plus nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, or molnupiravir in case of renal failure) plus, if available, anti-spike monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), between February and October 2022. The main outcomes were virological response at day 14 (negative SARS-CoV-2 swab) and virological and clinical response (alive, asymptomatic, with negative SARS-CoV-2 swab) at day 30 and the last follow-up.Overall, 22 patients (Omicron variant in 17/18) were included: 18 received full combination of two antivirals and Mabs and 4 received two antivirals only; in 20/22 (91%) two antivirals were nirmatrelvir/ritonavir plus remdesivir. Nineteen (86%) patients had hematological malignancy, 15 (68%) had received anti-CD20 therapy. All were symptomatic; 8 (36%) required oxygen. Four patients received second course of combination treatment. Response rate at day 14, 30 and last follow-up was, respectively, 75% (15/20 evaluable), 73% (16/22) and 82% (18/22). Day 14 and 30 response rates were significantly higher when combination therapy included Mabs. Higher number of vaccine doses was associated with better final outcome. Two patients (9%) developed severe side effects: bradycardia leading to remdesivir discontinuation and myocardial infarction.Combination therapy including two antivirals (mainly remdesivir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) and Mabs was associated with high rate of virological and clinical response in immunocompromised patients with prolonged/relapsed COVID-19.
Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Date
2023-03-28
Pages
ciad181
Journal Abbr
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Accessed
4/13/23, 7:33 AM
ISSN
1058-4838
Library Catalog
Silverchair
Citation
Mikulska, M., Sepulcri, C., Dentone, C., Magne, F., Balletto, E., Baldi, F., Labate, L., Russo, C., Mirabella, M., Magnasco, L., Di Grazia, C., Ghiggi, C., Raiola, A. M., Giacobbe, D. R., Vena, A., Beltramini, S., Bruzzone, B., Lemoli, R. M., Angelucci, E., & Bassetti, M. (2023). Triple combination therapy with two antivirals and monoclonal antibodies for persistent or relapsed SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients. Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciad181. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad181
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