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SUMMARY Invasive fusariosis is a serious invasive fungal disease, affecting immunocompetent and, more frequently, immunocompromised patients. Localized disease is the typical clinical form in immunocompetent patients. Immunocompromised hosts at elevated risk of developing invasive fusariosis are patients with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapeutic regimens for remission induction, and those undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. In this setting,...
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SUMMARY There is a growing need for solid organ transplantation (SOT) for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV are experiencing increased life expectancies and are, therefore, developing more comorbidities, including end-stage organ disease. In cases of advanced organ failure, SOT is often the best therapeutic option to improve quality of life and overall survival. As organ shortages persist,...
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Caring for immunocompromised patients is challenging. Despite significant advances, infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and as such, these patients are frequently exposed to antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) can assist transplant centers in optimizing antibiotic usage, particularly in this age of growing microbial resistance and the scarcity of new anti-infective agents in development. The collaborative approach of antimicrobial...
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These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention, and management of cryptococcosis in the pre- and post-transplant period. The current update now includes a discussion of cryptococcosis, which is the third most common invasive fungal infection in SOT recipients. Infection often occurs a year after transplantation; however, early infections occur and donor-derived infections have been...
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Cryptococcosis is the third most common invasive fungal infection in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, but is rare among recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Infection often occurs a year after transplantation; however early infections are common in HSCT. Among SOT patients, donorderived infections have been described within 3 months after transplant. The most common disease manifestations are meningitis and pneumonia. The fungi Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii are the main causes of cryptococcosis.
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Authors determined variables that pose a risk for immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS) and have shown that discontinuation of calcineurin inhibitors was independently associated with 5-fold increased risk of IRS in transplant recipients with cryptococcosis., Background. Risk factors including how changes in immunosuppression influence the occurrence of immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with cryptococcosis have not been fully defined.,...
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Background CSF analysis is often deferred in patients with cryptococcal disease, particularly in the absence of neurologic manifestations. We sought to determine if a subset of SOT recipients with high likelihood of CNS disease could be identified in whom CSF analysis must be performed. Methods Patients comprised a multicenter cohort of SOT recipients with cryptococcosis. Results Of 129 of 146 (88%) SOT recipients with cryptococcosis who underwent CSF analysis, 80 (62%) had CNS disease. In...
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